????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ???????
?????:
???? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? Gain Medium ????? ?? ???? ???? Solid . ???? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??????? Dye Lasers ?? ??? ??? ???? ??????? Gas Lasers . ????? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????.
????? ????? Solid-State Media
???? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ????? Crystalline Host Material ????? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ????????? ND ?? ?????? CR ?? ???????? ER ?? ?????? ????. ????? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ????? ????? .
???? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ??????. ???? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ????. ??? ???? ??? ??????? ????????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ????? Nd-Yag Laser ? ????????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? Nd-Glass Laser ????? ???? ??????? Ruby Laser .
??? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????? Ruby . ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ???? ??? .
- ???? Pumping
???? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ???????? ???? ?????? Optical Pumping ???? ?? ???? ??????? Flash lamp ?? ????? ???? Arc Lamp ??? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ???????? ???? ???????Diode Laser .
??????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???????? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?? ?????????.
- ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? Applications
??????? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ????????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ????????? ??????
(1 ) ???? ??????? Ruby Laser
???? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? Pulsed Mode??? ??? ???? 694.3nm ??? ?? ????? ???? emission line width 0.53 .?????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ?? Al2O3 ????? ??????? ?????? Cr+3 ?????? ??? ??? 0.05% ??????? ???? ?????? ??????.??? ????? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ???? Flash Lamp .???? ??????? ????? ?????? Three Level System???? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??????? Mechanism of Excitation . ????? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ???????.?????? ???? ??????? – ???? ???? ???? ????? ??????_ ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ???.
???? ?????? ?????? Laser Structure
?????? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ??? ??? 25mm ????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ??? 0.2m . ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ??? Flash Lamp ???? ?? ???? ???????.???? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ??????? ?????. ?????? ??????? ?? ???????? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ????? .???? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?????? Oscillator-amplifier .??? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?????? Saturation Intensity ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????. ???? ????? ???? ??????? ???????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ??????.
-????? ??????? Excitation Mechanism
??? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ????? ????? Three Level System ????? ?????????? ???????? Lasing Transitions ????? ????????? E1 ?E2 .
??? ????? ?????? ?????? Cr+3 ???????? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? Flash Lamp ????? ???? ?????? ?? Xenon .
?????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ????( ( 500-600 ??????? . ??????? ???? ???????? ????? ??? ????? ??????? E3 .
?? ??? ??????? ???????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? E2 ????? ???????? ??? ???? non-radiative transition . ?????? ???????? ?? ??? ?????????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ???????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ??????.
???? ??? ??????? ??? ???????( E2(****stable Level ???? ?????? .5msec
???? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ???? ( (350-450 ??????? .
?? ????? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? Continuous Mode ???? ???? ????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ?? ??? 1962 ????????? ?? ???? ????? ????????? ????? ???? Arc Lamp
?? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ?? Continuous Mode .
- ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ???? ?? ???????? ?????? ……….
- ??????? ???? ??????? Applications
- ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ??????? ?????? Optical Holography ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???.
- ?? ?????? ???? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ???????? ??? ????? ???????????? ????? ???????.
- ??????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ?????.
???????:
2) ???? Lasers
3) ??? ???????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????.
????? ????? ?????
?????? ???? ?? ???????? ?? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ????? Mo.mostafa2003@yahoo.com
__________________
???? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????http://www.hazemsakeek.com/vb/showth...82229#poststop
?????:
???? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? Gain Medium ????? ?? ???? ???? Solid . ???? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??????? Dye Lasers ?? ??? ??? ???? ??????? Gas Lasers . ????? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????.
????? ????? Solid-State Media
???? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ????? Crystalline Host Material ????? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ????????? ND ?? ?????? CR ?? ???????? ER ?? ?????? ????. ????? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ????? ????? .
???? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ??????. ???? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ????. ??? ???? ??? ??????? ????????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ????? Nd-Yag Laser ? ????????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? Nd-Glass Laser ????? ???? ??????? Ruby Laser .
??? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????? Ruby . ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ???? ??? .
- ???? Pumping
???? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ???????? ???? ?????? Optical Pumping ???? ?? ???? ??????? Flash lamp ?? ????? ???? Arc Lamp ??? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ???????? ???? ???????Diode Laser .
??????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???????? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?? ?????????.
- ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? Applications
??????? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ????????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ????????? ??????
(1 ) ???? ??????? Ruby Laser
??? ??? General De******ion
???? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? Pulsed Mode??? ??? ???? 694.3nm ??? ?? ????? ???? emission line width 0.53 .?????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ?? Al2O3 ????? ??????? ?????? Cr+3 ?????? ??? ??? 0.05% ??????? ???? ?????? ??????.??? ????? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ???? Flash Lamp .???? ??????? ????? ?????? Three Level System???? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??????? Mechanism of Excitation . ????? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ???????.?????? ???? ??????? – ???? ???? ???? ????? ??????_ ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ???.
???? ?????? ?????? Laser Structure
?????? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ??? ??? 25mm ????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ??? 0.2m . ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ??? Flash Lamp ???? ?? ???? ???????.???? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ??????? ?????. ?????? ??????? ?? ???????? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ????? .???? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?????? Oscillator-amplifier .??? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?????? Saturation Intensity ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????. ???? ????? ???? ??????? ???????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ??????.
-????? ??????? Excitation Mechanism
??? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ????? ????? Three Level System ????? ?????????? ???????? Lasing Transitions ????? ????????? E1 ?E2 .
??? ????? ?????? ?????? Cr+3 ???????? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? Flash Lamp ????? ???? ?????? ?? Xenon .
?????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ????( ( 500-600 ??????? . ??????? ???? ???????? ????? ??? ????? ??????? E3 .
?? ??? ??????? ???????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? E2 ????? ???????? ??? ???? non-radiative transition . ?????? ???????? ?? ??? ?????????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ???????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ??????.
???? ??? ??????? ??? ???????( E2(****stable Level ???? ?????? .5msec
???? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ???? ( (350-450 ??????? .
?? ????? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? Continuous Mode ???? ???? ????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ?? ??? 1962 ????????? ?? ???? ????? ????????? ????? ???? Arc Lamp
?? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ?? Continuous Mode .
- ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ???? ?? ???????? ?????? ……….
- ??????? ???? ??????? Applications
- ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ??????? ?????? Optical Holography ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???.
- ?? ?????? ???? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ???????? ??? ????? ???????????? ????? ???????.
- ??????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ?????.
???????:
1) ???? Laser Fundamentals
2) ???? Lasers
3) ??? ???????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????.
????? ????? ?????
?????? ???? ?? ???????? ?? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ????? Mo.mostafa2003@yahoo.com
??????
__________________
???? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????http://www.hazemsakeek.com/vb/showth...82229#poststop
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